Entrainment of the Breathing Rhythm of the Carp by Imposed Oscillation of the Gill Arches
نویسندگان
چکیده
Artificial oscillation imposed onto the gill arches could modify the respiratory rhythm in the carp Cyprlnus carpio. The degree of modification depended upon the frequency and amplitude of the applied movement. Oscillation at frequencies close to the spontaneous respiratory rhythm and at amplitudes in the range of 2-3 mm resulted in a cyclic pattern of lengthening and shortening of the breathing cycles. When the gill arches were maximally abducted artificially at the end of inspiration or early in expiration, the breathing cycle was shortened. A slight lengthening occurred when maximal gill arch abduction fell during the second half of expiration or during the first half of inspiration. An increase in oscillation amplitude led to entrainment of ventilation at a one-to-one ratio with the imposed movement. After oscillation stopped an aftereffect was seen. It is argued that gill arch proprioceptors contribute to the observed responses.
منابع مشابه
Effects of Vagal Sensory Input on the Breathing Rhythm of the Carp
Electrical stimulation of an epibranchial vagal ganglion, which innervates the gill region, had a marked influence on the respiratory rhythm of the carp Cyprinus carpio. Vagal input could initiate ventilation in fish displaying intermittent respiration. In fish breathing steadily, vagal stimuli could reset the respiratory rhythm by modifying the existing breathing cycle. An increase of stimulus...
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